{"id":26026,"date":"2019-09-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-03T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tmc.edu\/news\/2019\/09\/high-risks-and-high-costs-for-young-blood\/"},"modified":"2020-01-06T19:22:24","modified_gmt":"2020-01-06T19:22:24","slug":"high-risks-and-high-costs-for-young-blood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tmc.edu\/news\/2019\/09\/high-risks-and-high-costs-for-young-blood\/","title":{"rendered":"High risks and high costs for young blood donations to older people"},"content":{"rendered":"

A California-based biopharmaceutical company announced in August that its proprietary mixture made of plasma proteins from young donors stopped cognitive decline in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s patients after six months.<\/p>\n

In a randomized clinical study by the company, Alkahest<\/a>, 39 patients intravenously received either 100 milliliters or 250 milliliters of the distilled plasma proteins for five consecutive days during the first week and again for five consecutive days during the 13th week.<\/p>\n

No detailed data on the study has been released yet, but Alkahest said in a press release that \u201cthese plasma fractions enhance neurogenesis, improve age-related deficits in learning and memory, and reduce neuroinflammation\u201d in animal models. The company plans to\u00a0present its findings at the Clinical Trials in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Conference in December.<\/p>\n

Whole plasma can be lifesaving or potentially life-threatening, depending on the medical situation. Over the past few months, this straw-colored component of blood\u2014which carries blood cells and proteins, contains antibodies, glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes and hormones\u2014has been shrouded in controversy.<\/p>\n

In legitimate emergency situations (such as trauma and burns) and rare chronic conditions (such as autoimmune disorders and hemophilia), plasma is essential for survival. The World Health Organization includes fresh frozen plasma on its WHO Model List of Essential Medicines<\/a>, which outlines the most important and integral medicines for a basic health care system.<\/p>\n

But in other scenarios, including using plasma infusions from young donors to tap into a so-called \u201cfountain of youth,\u201d medical experts say plasma can be life-threatening.<\/p>\n

Earlier this year, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning against the use of plasma infusions from young donors in hopes of treating dementia, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, multiple sclerosis, heart disease, post-traumatic stress disorder and other age-related conditions.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen companies are giving plasma just to deal with neurologic symptoms without any good medical evidence, it\u2019s a risky thing to do,\u201d said Modupe Idowu, M.D.<\/a>, associate professor of hematology at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston\u2019s McGovern Medical School.<\/p>\n

Risks include transfusion-related acute lung injury, transfusion-associated circulatory overload and allergic and anaphylactic reactions, along with infections, febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic transfusion reactions. A single unit of plasma contains 250 milliliters of plasma, typically from four to eight donors, according to Idowu.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s exposing the patient to multiple donors at the same time,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Studies have explored the benefits of young blood in experiments with mice. In 2013, Stanford University researchers conjoined the veins of an old mouse to a young mouse to share the same blood circulation, resulting in the reversal of cardiac hypertrophy (the abnormal enlargement of the heart muscle) and some improvements in cognitive abilities in the older mouse.<\/p>\n

However, clinics selling plasma from young donors are not replicating the same experimental conditions, said Vivien Sheehan, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor of hematology-oncology at Baylor College of Medicine.<\/p>\n

One California-based company, Ambrosia, sold participation in a clinical trial that offered each client one liter of human plasma harvested from young adults. Ambrosia charged $8,000 for that one liter, but since the FDA warning, the company has shut down. The Ambrosia trial raised major safety concerns.<\/p>\n

\u201cI\u2019ve never seen an alleged trial that only had one inclusion criteria: that you be over 35,\u201d Sheehan said. \u201cThere were no other safety measures taken to make sure you\u2019ve never had a transfusion reaction, to make sure you can handle the volume, to make sure you\u2019re not hypercoagulable. There was nothing in there to protect the individual and screen out people for whom this would be more dangerous. \u2026 This was clearly just an advertisement masquerading as a clinical trial. I can\u2019t emphasize enough how disturbing it is that patients are being put at risk for something that is so unproven. The thing that is proven is that plasma can kill you. The thing that is unproven is that it would have any benefit whatsoever, so the risk-benefit ratio is completely off.\u201d<\/p>\n

Jesse Karmazin, CEO of Ambrosia, recently opened a new venture and is continuing to sell 1 liter of blood plasma for $8,000 and 2 liters for $12,000.<\/p>\n

\u201cAmbrosia was dissolved, but Ivy Plasma is open for business. Ivy Plasma provides off-label plasma treatments, which is legal,\u201d Karmazin wrote in an email to TMC Pulse. \u201cI can\u2019t comment on the potential risks or benefits of this treatment due to restrictions on off-label marketing of medications by the FDA.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ultimately, scientific evidence that shows young blood plasma can counteract age-related diseases remains sparse.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf there are some factors in younger blood that could be helpful to an older patient, the key would be to identify them, do the real work of fractionating and identifying what proteins or micro RNA or factor that would be beneficial to older people, then find a way to either deliver it pharmacologically or genetically,\u201d Sheehan said. \u201cThe whole plasma approach is kind of a dumb strategy.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A California-based biopharmaceutical company announced in August that its proprietary mixture made of plasma proteins from young donors stopped cognitive decline in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s patients after six months. In a randomized clinical study by the company, Alkahest, 39 patients intravenously received either 100 milliliters or 250 milliliters of the distilled plasma proteins for five consecutive […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":26027,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4033,4034,4035,2902,3522],"yoast_head":"\nHigh risks and high costs for young blood donations to older people - TMC News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Plasma, which can be lifesaving or potentially deadly, has been shrouded in controversy after the blood product from young donors was used to treat cognitive decline in Alzheimer\u2019s patients.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tmc.edu\/news\/2019\/09\/high-risks-and-high-costs-for-young-blood\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"High risks and high costs for young blood donations to older people - 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