Triglycer-whats?

We often hear that to be heart healthy, we not only have to watch our cholesterol levels in our blood, but also, we need to pay attention to our triglycerides. So, what are they?

Triglycerides are a type of fat in the bloodstream that the body uses for energy. When we eat, calories that are not used immediately by the body are converted into fatty acids and stored in fat cells. When the body needs energy between meals, they are released again into the blood.

"High levels of triglycerides in the bloodstream - more than 200 mg/dL - are of concern because it is often associated with a low level of HDL, or so-called `good' cholesterol," said Dr. Efrain Garcia, a Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital cardiologist. "Low levels of HDL may be as important as high levels of LDL or `bad' cholesterol in the development of atherosclerosis or hardening of the arteries."

A blood test taken at your doctor's office is the best way to determine your triglyceride levels. For the most accurate results, the test should be conducted after fasting from food and alcohol the night before.

"The presence of an excess amount of triglycerides may be associated with heart problems, such as coronary artery disease, or it may be a manifestation of diseases such as diabetes mellitus," said Dr. Garcia. "It may also be associated with metabolic problems such as low thyroid function, a familial or primary lipid problem, or other medical problems."

To keep your triglycerides in check, Dr. Garcia recommends adapting and maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle that includes achieving your ideal body weight through sensible eating habits and exercise. And if you smoke, quit.

"Smoking is the most controllable risk factor for any type of heart disease," added Dr. Garcia. "The sooner you quit, the better your cardiovascular health."

Some people with high triglycerides may require medications in addition to lifestyle changes. Regular monitoring by a physician is important to make sure the medication is working properly.

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©2006 Texas Medical Center

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